Enrico Malaguti
Title:
A set-covering based approach for a weighted vertex coloring problem

Abstract:
Enrico Malaguti, Michele Monaci, Paolo Toth

We approach a weighted version of the well known Vertex Coloring Problem (VCP) where each vertex i of a graph G has associated a positive weight w(i). Like in the classical VCP, one has to assign a color to each vertex i in such a way that colors on adjacent vertices are different. The objective is to minimize the sum of the costs of colors used, where in this problem the cost of each color is the maximum weight of the vertices that are assigned the color itself. The problem is known to be NP-hard and arises in practical scheduling applications, where it is also known as Time Slot Scheduling of Compatible Jobs. We present a two-phase approach to the problem based on the "Set-Covering" (SC) formulation, in which variables are associated with feasible assignments of a color (i.e., each column corresponds to a stable set). In the first phase (column generation) we generate a large amount of feasible solutions by means of fast greedy heuristics designed for the problem; every generated solution can be improved using two fast post optimization procedures, the first based on the optimal solution of an Integer Linear Programming model, the second on the solution of an Assignment Problem; in the second phase (column optimization) an associated set-covering instance is solved by using a Lagrangian-based heuristic algorithm from the literature. Computational results on instances from the literature are reported.